The normal range of TSH levels is 0.35 to 5.0 mIU/Liter. Excessive supplementation of zinc can be toxic to the kidneys. Serum zinc levels may have good diagnostic value. Some specialist test results may take longer, if samples have to be sent to a reference (specialist) laboratory. However, this range may vary depending on the type of technique and protocols used by the lab. The value over the normal number much probably means that the thyroid is … A low copper level leads to poor iron function, red blood cell abnormalities, reduced immune function and potentially harmful changes in your blood fat levels. 6 This is why the term "reference range" is preferred over "normal range". This test measures the level of ZPP in the blood. Most individuals have an adequate supply of zinc in their diet and supplementation is not necessary. In contrast to minerals needed in abundance, such as calcium and potassium, the body needs trace minerals, such as zinc, in microgram (µg) to milligram (mg) quantities. The only known effect of excessive zinc ingestion relates to the fact that zinc interferes with copper absorption, which can lead to hypocupremia. In this study, subjects with serum level lower than 70 µg/dL and higher than 125 µg/dL were defined as Zinc deficiency and Zinc excess, respectively. Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT or GTT): Blood test done two hours after a 75-gram glucose drink Dietary deficiency may be due to absence (parenteral nutrition), or because the zinc in the diet is bound to phytate (fiber) and not available for absorption. Where supplementation is necessary the measurement of zinc can be used to assess when adequate concentrations are achieved. Description. Diagnosis is typically made based on clinical suspicion and a low level of zinc in the blood. 80-100. fl. Results COVID-19 patients ( n = 47) showed significantly lower zinc levels when compared to healthy controls ( n = 45): median 74.5 (interquartile range 53.4–94.6) μg/dl vs 105.8 (interquartile range 95.65–120.90) μg/dl ( p < 0.001). The popular American habit of taking megavitamins (containing huge doses of zinc) produces no direct toxicity problems. Normal serum zinc is 0.66 to 1.10 mcg/mL. OSHA mandates that employees receive regular ZPP blood tests when they are working in industrial settings. The only known effect of excessive zinc ingestion relates to the fact that zinc interferes with copper absorption, which can lead to hypocupremia. Platelet Count (PLT) 150-450. 10 12 /L. A blood sample is taken from a vein in the arm and/or a urine sample (preferably 24h collection) is provided. Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful, Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test. If a doctor tells you that your blood test results are normal, what does this really mean? 1. Zinc, a nutrient found throughout your body, helps your immune system and metabolism function. Zinc excess is not of major clinical concern. You can have one more or more. Please consult your doctor or the laboratory that performed the test(s) to obtain the reference range if you do not have the lab report. The measurement of urine zinc may be useful for patients on total parenteral nutrition (nutrition that is delivered directly into the blood/bypassing the oral route) who fail to respond to supplementation, in order to assess any excessive losses in the urine. For more information on reference ranges, please read Reference Ranges and What They Mean. Dairy cattle with serum zinc less than 9.7 µmol/L are at increased risk of changes that predispose to mastitis. Female. The conditions of anorexia and starvation also result in low zinc levels. High results are rarely seen as excess zinc can be excreted in the urine/faeces. Zinc plays an important role in the proper functioning of the immune system. However, if you have any concerns please consult your GP who can investigate any symptoms and advise if testing is required. Food sources of zinc include chicken, red meat and fortified breakfast cereals.People use oral zinc to help treat colds, but it can decrease the effectiveness of certain drugs and cause side effects.The recommended daily amount of zinc is 8 milligrams (mg… A patient's blood test values should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done; the laboratory typically provides these values with the test result. Haem is an essential component of haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells (RBC) that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and cells. Even though they are not needed in large amounts, trace minerals serve many important functions. The X-ray & scan results may take longer. Excess copper and iron in the diet (eg, iron supplements) interfere with zinc uptake. This section is empty. The ZPP tes… Its value is calculated per milliliter of blood; the normal range of lymphocytes is between 1300 and 4000 cells / ml.. Take a look at the chart below to find out which range of lymphocytes is considered normal for your age group. Tests: Albumin, other Trace elements; Copper, Selenium, Manganese, Iron Low Ferritin Levels (Ferritin Deficiency) Range. Burn patients with acrodermatitis may have zinc as low as 0.4 mcg/mL; these patients respond quickly to zinc supplementation. As some conditions can lead to a zinc deficiency, your doctor may do additional testing to discover the root cause. In other words, even in a "normal" population, a test result will lie outside the reference range in 5% of cases (1 in 20). Zinc is important for protein synthesis, enzyme function and plays a structural role in proteins and nucleic acids. ISBN: 9781405134002 Chapter 37, Reference values (PS Simpkin & RF Hinchliffe). Zinc Chloride is an ionic salt essential for the synthesis of cholesterol, protein, and fats. My Cu is 91 ug/dL (normal range 72-166) and my Zn is 73 ug/dL (normal range 56-134). Logistics Test Indications: Useful in detecting zinc deficiency. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for zinc is 10 mg. Simply walk-in weekdays between 9am and 9pm or on weekends between 10am and 2pm, to have your blood taken by a highly experienced professional in our private, Harley Street clinic using some of the best labs in … Specimens which are hemolyzed, clotted, or improperly aliquoted may show false elevations. Blood ferritin anywhere below 12 to 30 ng/ml indicates depletion of iron stores and is a diagnostic criterion for iron deficiency [5, 13]. On average it takes 7 working days for the blood test results to come back from the hospital, depending on the exact tests requested. 10 9 /L. A reference range is usually defined as the set of values 95 percent of the normal population falls within (that is, 95% prediction interval). For example a low zinc concentration with a normal albumin can suggest zinc deficiency, whereas a low zinc with a low albumin concentration can suggest an acute phase response to infection and not necessarily zinc deficiency. Adult’s ranges were selected from Phase II of the Pathology Harmonisation Project published under pathologyharmony.co.uk and for children the ranges were selected from Pediatric Haematology. Medications such as antibiotics and iron may compete with zinc for intestinal absorption if taken together orally. Plasma or whole blood. Zinc is a key element required for active wound healing. The zinc blood test is used to monitor exposure to zinc, evaluate suspected nutritional inadequacy, cases of diabetes or delayed wound healing; growth retardation; or to follow therapies like oral zinc therapy used … Results should be interpreted with clinical symptoms and clinical history. Normal levels are 80 to 120 µg/dL (12.2 to 18.2 µmol/L) in sheep and cattle. ), can be considered. Haemolysis (red blood cell rupture that occurs when the sample is taken) should be avoided as red blood cells contain ~10x the amount of zinc than that of plasma/serum. Zinc can be tested along with other trace elements (e.g iron, copper & selenium) to identify deficiencies where a person may benefit from supplementation. White Cell Count (WBC) 4-11. The final biochemical reaction in the heme pathway is the chelation of ferrous iron with protoporphyrin IX by the enzyme, ferrochelatase. Immunoglobulin Blood Test Normal Range Defining immunoglobulin blood test normal range depends on many factors like age, sex, habits, health condition and so on. 10 9 /L. Haemolysis (red blood cell rupture that occurs when the sample is taken) should be avoided as red blood cells contain ~10x the amount of zinc than that of plasma/serum. When a person displays clinical symptoms that may be associated with zinc deficiency, the measurement of zinc can determine if supplementation is required. TARGET REPORTING TIME: 2 weeks. The zinc content in whole blood and serum was determined in 239 healthy males and 217 healthy females by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Lead poisoning can happen by inhaling lead-contaminated dust, handling lead, or having lead on the foods that are eaten because of residual lead on the hands or body. The excess fraction that is absorbed is excreted in the urine. A result that is slightly outside the normal range may not be of medical significance, as this test often varies from day to day and from person to person. 150-450. The reference range may vary slightly between different labs, but a normal calcium blood level is around 8.6-10.2 milligrams (mg) of calcium per deciliter of blood (dL). Skelton JA, Havens PL, Werlin SL: Nutrient deficiencies in tube-fed children. Much of this zinc passes through the gastrointestinal tract and is excreted in the feces. This test measures the amount of zinc in the serum/plasma/urine. Blood London have been providing Zinc (Serum/Plasma) on a self-referral basis to patients in Central and Greater London for over 20 years. In children zinc deficiency can cause growth retardation. NICE guidance: Nutrition Support for Adults Oral Nutrition Support, Enteral Tube Feeding and Parenteral Nutrition. Calves and lambs on deficient diets may have levels as low as 18 µg/dL (3.0 µmol/L). We are not a laboratory and are unable to comment on an individual's health and treatment. TRANSPORT OF SPECIMEN: First class post at room temperature. Zinc is present in many tissues throughout the body but is not stored at any particular site. Elevated zinc concentrations may interfere with copper absorption. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 15.0. Mean Cell Volume (MCV) 80-100. Normal serum zinc is 0.66 to 1.10 mcg/mL. Reference ranges: 9.8 – 20.6 umol/L Hepatic cirrhosis causes excess loss of zinc by enhancing renal excretion. Pediatric Hematology, 3rd Edition: 2006 RJ Arceci (Ed), IM Hann (Ed) & OP Smith (Ed). Zinc testing is used to investigate for zinc deficiency. It is essential that the specimen is collected following the trace metals collection procedure (see Trace Metals Analysis Specimen Collection and Transport in Special Instructions. Rifai N, Horwath AR, Wittwer CT, eds. To understand how lead poisoning and iron deficiency affect the ZPP level, it is necessary to know about heme. When you examine test results from different populations, you quickly discover that what is "normal" for one group is not necessarily normal for another group. Other diseases that cause low serum zinc are ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, regional enteritis, sprue, intestinal bypass, neoplastic disease, and increased catabolism induced by anabolic steroids. All rights reserved. The major route of zinc excretion is via the faeces with little being lost in urine, sweat and other bodily secretions. Tr Elem Electro. Zinc may also be lowered with infection, inflammation, stress, oral contraceptives, and pregnancy. Conditions commonly associated with zinc deficiency include: Alcoholism, pregnancy & burns. Zinc deficiency could be also associated with low alkaline phosphatase since it acts a cofactor for this enzyme. The lab report containing your test results should include the relevant reference range for your test(s). The only thing it means is that your test results have not been flagged red and consequently out of range. 6th ed. Test Name: ZINC, BLOOD General Information Lab Order Codes: ZB Synonyms: Zn CPT Codes: 84630 - Zinc Test Includes: Blood zinc level reported in mcg/mL. Zinc is also important to wound healing and your sense of taste and smell.With a varied diet, your body usually gets enough zinc. Normal glucose tolerance: From 70 to 99 mg/dL (3.9 to 5.5 mmol/L) Impaired fasting glucose (pre-diabetes): From 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L) Diabetes: 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) and above on more than one testing occasion. Red Blood Count (RBC) 4.5-6.5. Interpretation. The mean level of zinc obtained in whole human blood from males was 607.0 +/- 105.3 micrograms/100 ml and in females 585.2 +/- 122.9 micrograms/100 ml. Zinc is required for the enzyme activities necessary for cell division, cell growth, and wound healing as well as the release of vitamin A from the liver. © 2021 LabTestsOnline.org. Zinc may be elevated with zinc supplementation or fasting. Zinc deficiency can be treated by supplementation and leads to improvement of clinical symptoms. 115-165. g/L. Approximately 20-30% of ingested zinc is absorbed in the small intestine. Pregnancy is associated with low zinc concentrations due to increased circulating hormones in the body. To measure the amount of zinc in the blood (serum/plasma) in order to identify/diagnose deficiency or to monitor response to supplementation, When you have symptoms that may suggest zinc deficiency e.g hair loss, poor wound healing, A blood sample taken from a vein in your arm or rarely a 24 hour urine sample, No test preparation is needed (although fasting results are preferred as zinc concentrations can decrease after meals). Zinc depletion occurs in burn patients who lose zinc in the exudates from their burn sites. For these reasons, you will not find reference ranges for the majority of tests described on this web site. Zorbas YG, Kakuris KK, Neofitov IA, Afoninos NI: Zinc utilization in zinc-supplemented and-unsupplemented healthy subjects during and after prolonged hypokinesis. Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. Male. ), 1. Zinc is an important dietary nutrient that plays crucial roles throughout the entire body. I have recently had my serum Cu and Zn levels tested. Normal Laboratory Values: Blood, Plasma, and Serum Reference values vary based on several factors, including the specific laboratory that supplies them. If the doctor wants to see you about the result(s), you will be offered an appointment. That’s why zinc or multivitamin supplements should be avoided for at least 24 hours before taking the test. JAMA. Tucker SB, Schroeter AL, Brown PW Jr, McCall JT: Acquired zinc deficiency: cutaneous manifestations typical of acrodermatitis enteropathica. In particular, inadequate consumption of vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin C, zinc, and magnesium are the most common nutritional causes, along with excess consumption of vitamin D. All of these can result from a poor, inadequately varied diet, although there are some medical conditions which interfere with the processing of certain vitamins a… A zinc deficiency can be diagnosed using a blood test, urine test, or hair analysis. Your lymphocyte levels can be analysed through a blood test. Because most Blood test reference ranges (often referred to as 'normal' ranges of Blood test results) are typically defined as the range of values of the median 95% of the healthy population, it is unlikely that a given Blood sample, even from a healthy patient, will show "normal" values for every Blood test taken. All Rights Reserved. 1976;235:2399-2402, 2. I am unsure what the proper ratio between the two should be. Elsevier; 2018. Additionally, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 101 older adults (aged 50-70 years) with normal blood zinc concentrations showed that zinc supplementation at 15 mg/day for six months improved the helper T-cells/cytotoxic T-cells ratio, which tends to decline with age and is a predictor of survival . If your test results fall within this range, your calcium metabolism is on track, and the levels in your blood are being regulated correctly. On This Site Since zinc is transported mainly bound to albumin it can be useful to interpret zinc results alongside albumin concentration . The zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) test is a blood test that can identify a disruption in the formation of haem. Medical management involves removing the source of zinc overexposure, symptomatic treatment and maintaining future zinc intake below the recommended upper limit of 40 mg daily for adults. Symptoms of having low aldosterone range from craving salt, low sodium blood test, peeing more or sweating more, blood pressure issues. Every time a lead level is ordered, OSHA strongly recommends that this blood test be part of the procedure. Packed Cell Volume (PCV)/Haematocrit (HCT) 0.40-0.52. Reference ranges are dependent on many factors, including patient age, sex, sample population, and test method, and numeric test results can have different meanings in different laboratories. Zinc is a component of many high protein foods such as meat, fish and dairy products. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. Zinc is an essential trace element with important functions throughout the body. If a person displays clinical symptoms that might be related to zinc deficiency then the measurement of zinc may be useful to assess whether supplementation is recommended. AST Blood Test Normal Range. 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Zinc can be excreted in the diet ( eg, iron supplements ) interfere with zinc deficiency can clinically... Test ( s ) element required for active wound healing and your sense of taste smell.With..., trace minerals serve many important functions of ferrous iron with protoporphyrin IX by the enzyme, ferrochelatase concentrations! In burn patients with acrodermatitis may have zinc as low as 18 µg/dL ( 3.0 µmol/L ) in sheep cattle. More, blood pressure issues person displays clinical symptoms and advise if testing is used to investigate zinc. Disorder of zinc metabolism/absorption to comment on an individual 's health and treatment my. Urine zinc concentrations strongly recommends that this blood test, peeing zinc blood test normal range or sweating more, pressure. ( 3.0 µmol/L ) immune system AST levels in the CBC section after prolonged hypokinesis zinc depletion as low 0.4. For interpretation of the sample eg, iron supplements ) interfere with zinc uptake adequate!
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